> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://guides.noloco.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://guides.noloco.io/data/collections/formulas/operators/text.md).

# Text operators

All text and string operators supported in Noloco [formulas](/data/collections/formulas.md). Use these for concatenation, substrings, search, case conversion, and formatting.

**Available operators:** `&`, `CLEAN`, `CONCATENATE`, `EXACT`, `FIND`, `ISBLANK`, `LEFT`, `LEN`, `LOWER`, `MID`, `PROPER`, `REPLACE`, `REPT`, `RIGHT`, `SEARCH`, `SUBSTITUTE`, `TEXT`, `TRIM`, `UPPER`.

***

### &

`text1 & text2`

Appends two strings to one another. Alias for `CONCATENATE`.

**Example:** `"Hello " & "World"`

### CONCATENATE

`CONCATENATE(text1, text2)`

Appends two strings to one another.

### CLEAN

`CLEAN(text)`

Removes non-printable characters from a string.

### EXACT

`EXACT(text1, text2)`

Checks if two strings are identical.

### FIND

`FIND(searchQuery, text)`

Returns the first position a string occurs within another string.

### ISBLANK

`ISBLANK(text)`

Returns `true` if a string is blank.

### LEFT

`LEFT(text, numberOfCharacters)`

Returns a substring from the beginning of a string.

### LEN

`LEN(text)`

Returns the length of a string.

### LOWER

`LOWER(text)`

Returns a string in lowercase.

### MID

`MID(text, startPosition, numberOfCharacters)`

Returns a substring from the middle of a string.

### PROPER

`PROPER(text)`

Returns a string with words capitalized.

### REPLACE

`REPLACE(text, startPosition, replacementLength, replacementText)`

Replaces part of a string with another provided string, based on position.

### REPT

`REPT(text, numberOfTimes)`

Repeats a string a number of times.

### RIGHT

`RIGHT(text, numberOfCharacters)`

Returns a substring from the end of a string.

### SEARCH

`SEARCH(searchQuery, text, startPosition)`

Returns the first position a string occurs in another string after a start character position.

### SUBSTITUTE

`SUBSTITUTE(text, searchQuery, replacement)`

Replaces all occurrences of a provided query with a provided replacement in a string.

**Example:** `SUBSTITUTE(name, "-old", " (discontinued)")`

### TEXT

`TEXT(number, format)`

Converts a number into text according to a specified format.

### TRIM

`TRIM(text)`

Removes spaces from the beginning and end of a string.

### UPPER

`UPPER(text)`

Returns a string in uppercase.

***

### Related

* [Formulas overview](/data/collections/formulas.md)
* [Examples](/data/collections/formulas/examples.md) — see "Joining text fields" and "Replacing part of a text field"
* [Date & time operators](/data/collections/formulas/operators/date-and-time.md)
* [Logic operators](/data/collections/formulas/operators/logic.md)
* [Math operators](/data/collections/formulas/operators/math.md)


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